Abstract of Births in the Unified Health System in two Brazilian states: a qualitative analysis in three moments of the last 20 years

Abstract

This article is a summary of the largest work published in 2019, with relevant theme, seeking to verify the relationship between two types of births from three specific moments in twenty years of SUS care in the state of São Paulo for being a national reference and the state of Mato Grosso for being a source of interest in the subject.

The result is qualitative as it assumes subjective interpretation of results, as it has the understanding of elements that are available in reports, but with emphasis on the look that considers intentionalities the subjects involved in the processes.

We seek support in the concept of information as defined by Lévy (2003, p. 58), since “when I interpret it, I link it to other information to make sense” and thus generate knowledge of the analysis practiced, with emphasis on the interpretation that in a way, it values subjectivity without neglecting the quantitative dimension.

According to the World Health Organization (2003, p. 2) the optimal cesarean section rate should be “between 10% and 15% of all births,” supported by the United Nations Children's Fund (2017) and the Institute for Healthcare Project. Improvement (2016), identified as “Adequate Childbirth” which has the clear objective of “increasing vaginal births and reducing cesarean birth rates”, position is in line with the objectives of the National Council of Health Secretaries (2003, p. 23), as a “set of health actions and services, provided by federal, state and municipal public agencies and institutions.”

In this context, to verify the evolution of births in general, it was decided to research the deliveries performed in SUS in three specific periods of the last 20 years, being identified as period 1 in November 1998 (11/98), as period 2 November 2008 (08/11) and as period 3 on November 2018 (11/18).